If you’ve ever been to China or attended a formal event with a Chinese theme, you may have seen men and women dressed in stunning, ornate garments. But what exactly are those dresses called? Chinese dresses come in many different styles, colors, and materials, and they’ve been a beloved part of Chinese culture for centuries. In this article, we’ll explore the fascinating world of Chinese dress and take a look at some of the most popular styles.
One of the most iconic Chinese dresses you may have seen is the qipao, also known as a cheongsam. The qipao is a body-hugging dress that is typically made of silk or other delicate fabrics. Its origins go back to the Qing dynasty, when it was worn by the Manchu people. Over time, the qipao became a popular style among women of all classes, and it is still a popular choice for formal occasions today. Another classic Chinese dress is the hanfu, which has a looser, more flowing silhouette than the qipao. The hanfu was the traditional dress of the Han people before the Qing dynasty, and it is still worn in some parts of China and by enthusiasts around the world.
Whether you’re a fan of history, fashion, or both, Chinese dress is a fascinating topic to explore. From the intricate embroidery to the dazzling colors, these garments are a testament to the skill and creativity of Chinese artisans throughout the ages. So if you’ve ever wondered what those beautiful dresses are called, or if you’re simply looking for some inspiration for your next formal event, read on!
Traditional Chinese Clothing
The traditional clothing of China, also known as Hanfu, has a long history dating back to the Xia, Shang, and Zhou dynasties (c. 2070 BCE – 256 BCE). It has evolved over time, reflecting the changes in political and social trends throughout China’s history. The traditional clothing consists of several types of garments, depending on the wearer’s gender, social status, and the occasion.
- For men: The traditional clothing for men includes a robe or a shirt with a mandarin collar, a jacket, and a pair of pants. The robe or shirt is usually long, reaching below the knees, and the sleeves are wide and loose. The jacket is shorter, reaching the waist, and has narrow sleeves. The pants are usually loose, straight-cut, and can be tied around the waist with a sash or a belt.
- For women: The traditional clothing for women includes a long dress or a skirt with a blouse. The dress or skirt is usually ankle-length, with a flowing cut, and can be pleated or embroidered. The blouse has long, wide sleeves, and can be buttoned or tied up at the waist. Women usually wear stockings and embroidered shoes to complete their outfit.
- For children: Children’s clothing is similar to that of adults, but with smaller sizes and simpler designs.
The traditional clothing has many symbolic meanings. For example, the color red symbolizes good luck and prosperity, while the dragon and phoenix motifs represent strength and harmony. In addition, the traditional clothing reflects the wearer’s social status and occupation. For example, officials and scholars usually wear robes with embroidered patterns, while farmers and laborers wear simpler outfits made of cotton or linen.
Today, traditional Chinese clothing is still worn on special occasions, such as weddings, Chinese New Year, and other festivals. Many Chinese people also wear modern clothing styles, influenced by Western fashion trends. Despite this, traditional clothing remains an important aspect of Chinese culture, preserving the country’s rich history and heritage.
History of Chinese Dress
Chinese dress, also known as hanfu, has a rich history that dates back to the Shang dynasty (1600 B.C. to 1046 B.C.). Hanfu has evolved throughout the centuries, from the ancient, conservative styles of the Han and Tang dynasties, to the more elaborate and ornate styles of the Song and Ming dynasties. The dress has gone through a revival in recent years, as more Chinese citizens look to embrace traditional Chinese culture and fashion.
- Underskirt: The traditional hanfu usually had a long underskirt, which was slim fitting and ankle-length. The garment was paired with a long-sleeved blouse, which was connected to the skirt at the waistline. The blouse was usually fitted and had a high collar.
- Pien-fu: During the Tang dynasty, the pien-fu, a two-piece ceremonial dress, became popular. The dress featured a top that was sleeveless and resembled a vest, with a high collar and was worn over a skirt.
- Robe: The robe became popular during the Ming dynasty and was often worn by scholars. The gown had wide sleeves and was typically adorned with intricate embroidery.
The hanfu has also experienced a revival in modern times, with many young Chinese individuals turning to the traditional dress as a form of self-expression and cultural pride. In recent years, there has been an increase in designers creating contemporary hanfu designs, which blend traditional elements with modern fashion. Additionally, hanfu has gained international attention, as many fashion enthusiasts around the world have taken an interest in the beauty and elegance of this ancient Chinese clothing.
| Dynasty | Style of Hanfu |
|---|---|
| Shang dynasty | Simple, conservative clothing made out of animal skin or cloth |
| Han dynasty | Limited colors and simple designs, with a focus on elegance and a sense of restraint |
| Tang dynasty | Bright, bold colors and more freedom in design, with an emphasis on flowing movements and grace |
| Song dynasty | Vibrant and colorful clothing, with intricate embroidery and patterns |
| Ming dynasty | Elaborate and ornate designs, with rich colors and intricate embroidery |
In conclusion, the history of Chinese dress, or hanfu, is a fascinating journey through the centuries. From its humble beginnings in the Shang dynasty to its modern-day revival, the hanfu has evolved and adapted to the changing times, while still retaining its beauty, elegance and cultural significance.
Types of Chinese Dress
Chinese dresses have a rich history and are widely recognized for their unique style. Chinese dresses are formally known as Qipaos or Cheongsams. These dresses gained popularity in the 1920s and 1930s in Shanghai, China and soon became popular all over the world. These dresses come in various types, and each type represents different styles and occasions.
Types of Chinese Dress
- Traditional Qipao
- Modern Qipao
- Long Kwa or Kwa Qun
Traditional Qipao: The traditional Qipao originated from the Manchu-ruled Qing Dynasty. This dress is made of body-hugging silk or satin material. It has a high collar and short sleeves, which are perfect for warmer weather. The traditional Qipao has a long slit on the side of the dress, which allows for movement and walking.
Modern Qipao: The modern Qipao is a shorter version of the traditional Qipao. It is usually knee-length or mid-calf length. This dress has a more relaxed fit and can come in different cuts and styles. Modern Qipaos can be made of cotton, silk, linen, or other materials, making them perfect for any occasion.
Long Kwa or Kwa Qun: The Long Kwa or Kwa Qun is a full-length dress with a high-collar. This dress is usually worn during traditional Chinese weddings. It has wide, flowing sleeves with a long skirt that creates an elegant and sophisticated look.
Types of Chinese Dress
Cheongsam: The Cheongsam, also known as the Qipao, is a traditional Chinese dress that originated from Shanghai. This dress has a tight-fitting bodice and a high collar with a fitted waist and skirt. The dress is usually made from silk or satin and comes in various colours and patterns. The Cheongsam is perfect for formal occasions and is often accessorized with jewellery and high heels.
Table:
| Type of Dress | Description |
|---|---|
| Traditional Qipao | Made of body-hugging silk or satin material with a high collar and short sleeves. Has a long slit on the side of the dress. |
| Modern Qipao | Shorter version of the traditional Qipao, usually knee-length or mid-calf length. Can come in different cuts and styles and can be made of cotton, silk, linen, or other materials. |
| Long Kwa or Kwa Qun | Full-length dress with a high-collar, usually worn during traditional Chinese weddings. Has wide, flowing sleeves with a long skirt. |
| Cheongsam | Tight-fitting bodice with a high collar, fitted waist and skirt, usually made of silk or satin. Perfect for formal events. |
Each type of Chinese dress has its unique style and application, making them a perfect garment for any occasion. Choosing the right type of Chinese dress can elevate your fashion game and help you achieve an elegant and sophisticated look.
The Qipao or Cheongsam
The Qipao, also known as the Cheongsam, is a traditional Chinese dress that has been worn for over 300 years. Originally worn by the Manchus, a nomadic people that conquered China in the 17th century, it became popular in the 1920s and 1930s and has remained a symbol of Chinese fashion and culture ever since.
- The Qipao is a one-piece dress that hugs the curves of the wearer’s body and is typically made of silk or cotton. It is characterized by its high collar, fitted waist, and side slits that allow for ease of movement. The dress can be short or long, depending on the occasion.
- Traditionally, Qipaos were made with a red or blue background and embroidered with gold thread. The designs on the dress often included symbols of good fortune and happiness.
- The Qipao has evolved over time to reflect changing fashion trends. In the 1950s, the dress became shorter and more form-fitting, while in the 1970s, it was made into a more casual style that could be worn on a daily basis.
Today, the Qipao remains an important part of Chinese culture and is often worn to formal events such as weddings or on holidays like Chinese New Year. It has also become popular in Western fashion, with designers like Gucci and Louis Vuitton incorporating elements of the dress into their collections.
| Qipao Fabric | Description |
|---|---|
| Silk | The most luxurious and traditional fabric for the Qipao. It is soft and silky to the touch. |
| Cotton | A more practical fabric for everyday wear. It is breathable and lightweight. |
| Lace | A popular choice for bridal Qipaos. It adds a delicate and feminine touch to the dress. |
Whether worn for a special occasion or as a fashion statement, the Qipao is a beautiful and elegant piece of clothing that has stood the test of time. It represents the rich history and culture of China and will continue to be a beloved garment for generations to come.
Differences Between Qipao and Tangzhuang
Qipao and Tangzhuang are two unique types of Chinese dresses that have distinct differences. While they may look similar to outsiders, understanding the subtle differences between the two is important in appreciating the cultural significance and history of these dresses.
- Origin: The qipao, also known as cheongsam, originated in Shanghai during the 1920s and was a fusion of Chinese and Western styles. The tangzhuang, on the other hand, has a longer history dating back to the Qing dynasty (1644-1912) and has more traditional Chinese features and designs.
- Style: The qipao is a form-fitting dress that accentuates the curves of the body, typically made from silk or satin. It has a high collar with a simple design and may feature floral patterns or embroidery. The tangzhuang, on the other hand, is a loose-fitting jacket that is worn over a long skirt or pants. It has a mandarin collar and may feature traditional Chinese symbols or designs.
- Occasions: The qipao is commonly worn on special occasions, such as weddings and formal events, while the tangzhuang is worn for more casual and everyday occasions.
Overall, while both the qipao and tangzhuang are traditional Chinese dresses, they have distinct differences in origin, style, and occasions for wear. Appreciating and respecting these differences is important in understanding and valuing the culture and history behind each dress.
To further understand the differences between the qipao and tangzhuang, refer to the table below:
| Qipao | Tangzhuang |
|---|---|
| Originated in Shanghai during the 1920s | Has a longer history, dating back to the Qing dynasty (1644-1912) |
| Form-fitting dress made from silk or satin | Loose-fitting jacket worn over a long skirt or pants |
| High collar with a simple design | Mandarin collar |
| May feature floral patterns or embroidery | May feature traditional Chinese symbols or designs |
| Worn on special occasions, such as weddings and formal events | Worn for more casual and everyday occasions |
Understanding the differences between the qipao and tangzhuang is important in appreciating the unique cultural significance of each dress and valuing the history and tradition behind them.
Modern Chinese Fashion
The Chinese culture is rich in history, and fashion is an integral aspect that reflects its heritage and traditions. One of the most iconic garments that symbolize Chinese culture is the Chinese dress, known as the qipao or cheongsam. It is a traditional dress that originated in the Manchu ethnic minority during the Qing Dynasty (1644-1912).
The qipao is a form-fitting dress that accentuates the curves of the female body. The dress features a high collar, short or long sleeves, and a slit on both sides, which allows for ease of movement. In modern Chinese fashion, the qipao has undergone significant changes, and today, it is available in different styles, materials, and lengths.
- The long qipao is floor-length and is often worn for formal occasions such as weddings or black-tie events.
- The short qipao is above the knee and is a popular dress style for everyday wear.
- The modern qipao is a fusion of traditional and contemporary styles. It is often made with unconventional materials such as lace, silk, or velvet and features modern designs and patterns.
The History of the Cheongsam
The cheongsam, also known as the qipao, has a long and fascinating history. It originated in the late 17th century during the Manchu-led Qing Dynasty. The original design of the cheongsam was loose-fitting and less revealing, with a high collar and long sleeves. During the Republic of China era (1912-1949), the cheongsam underwent significant changes.
The new design was more form-fitting, with a high collar, short sleeves, and a side-slit that allowed for better mobility. The modern cheongsam was also made with silk fabric, which accentuated the shape of the body, making it more suited to social occasions. Today, the cheongsam has become a symbol of feminine elegance, grace, and beauty, and it is often worn for special events such as weddings, anniversaries, or cultural celebrations.
The Evolution of Modern Chinese Fashion
Modern Chinese fashion has undergone significant changes over the years, influenced by western fashion and the rise of fashion trends globally. Today, Chinese designers are blending traditional elements with contemporary styles, creating unique fashion pieces that showcase China’s vibrant culture and heritage.
The modern Chinese fashion industry is growing, with designers such as Guo Pei, Vera Wang, and Alexander Wang making a name for themselves in the global fashion scene. Chinese fashion is no longer limited to qipaos and cheongsams but has expanded to include streetwear, sportswear, and haute couture designs.
The Future of Chinese Fashion
The future of Chinese fashion looks promising, with the fashion industry experiencing significant growth in recent years. The rise of e-commerce platforms has made it easier for Chinese designers to showcase their work to a global audience. Additionally, the increasing interest in Chinese culture worldwide has created an opportunity for designers to explore traditional designs and incorporate them into modern fashion.
| Designer | Brand | Signature Style |
|---|---|---|
| Guo Pei | Guo Pei Haute Couture | Opulent, intricate, and avant-garde designs. |
| Alexander Wang | Alexander Wang | Minimalist, modern, and edgy designs. |
| Vera Wang | Vera Wang | Elegant, feminine, and glamorous designs. |
As the Chinese fashion industry continues to grow, it is expected to create more opportunities for emerging designers and innovative fashion ideas. With a blend of traditional and modern styles, the fashion industry in China promises to showcase unique and vibrant designs that reflect China’s rich cultural heritage.
Chinese Dress in Pop Culture
Chinese dress, also known as the qipao, has played a significant role in pop culture both in China and internationally. Here are seven examples of its appearances:
- 1930s Shanghai: The qipao became a symbol of modernity and fashion during 1930s Shanghai, often worn by women in nightclubs and on film. This era has been portrayed in movies like “In the Mood for Love” and “Shanghai Triad.”
- Dragon Lady: In Hollywood films, the qipao was often worn by the seductive and treacherous female villain known as the Dragon Lady. This stereotype was popularized during the mid-20th century, with examples in movies like “The World of Susie Wong” and television shows like “Charlie’s Angels.”
- Mao Suit: The qipao fell out of fashion during the Communist revolution but was revived in the 1970s as a symbol of China’s traditional culture. However, it was often modified to resemble the Mao suit, a unisex uniform worn by Chinese officials. This era can be seen in films like “Raise the Red Lantern” and “To Live.”
- Crazy Rich Asians: The qipao was prominently featured in the 2018 film “Crazy Rich Asians,” with the character Astrid wearing a modernized version designed by Malaysian fashion designer Bernard Chandran. The dress became a cultural phenomenon and sparked a renewed interest in the qipao.
- Red Carpet: The qipao has made appearances on the red carpet, often worn by Hollywood stars who appreciate the dress’s elegant and exotic appeal. Celebrities who have worn the qipao include Gwyneth Paltrow and Gwen Stefani.
- Music Videos: The qipao has also been featured in music videos by Asian pop stars like Faye Wong, who wore a qipao-inspired dress in her “Eyes On Me” music video.
- Disney Princess: In 1998, Disney released “Mulan,” a movie inspired by the Chinese legend of Hua Mulan. The titular character wears a qipao-inspired dress during several scenes, making her the first Disney princess to wear Chinese-style clothing.
Conclusion
The qipao has played a significant role in pop culture throughout the years, evolving from a symbol of modernity to a representation of traditional Chinese culture. Its appearances in movies, television shows, and music videos have helped to popularize the qipao around the world and shed light on China’s rich history and fashion heritage.
| Pros | Cons |
|---|---|
| The qipao is a beautiful and elegant dress that has become a cultural icon. | The dress has been associated with sexist and racist stereotypes, such as the Dragon Lady. |
| The qipao has helped to revive interest in China’s traditional culture and fashion heritage. | The dress has been modified and commercialized to appeal to a Western audience, leading to criticism of cultural appropriation and identity erasure. |
| The qipao has been worn by Hollywood celebrities, bringing attention and appreciation to Chinese fashion. | The dress can be seen as a narrow representation of Chinese fashion and identity, as China is a diverse and complex country with many fashion styles. |
Overall, the qipao has a complicated history in pop culture, reflecting both the beauty and complexity of China’s fashion heritage and identity.
What is a Chinese Dress Called FAQs
Q: What is a Chinese dress called?
A: The traditional-style Chinese dress is called a Cheongsam or Qipao in Mandarin.
Q: What is the difference between Cheongsam and Qipao?
A: There is no difference between these two names, they both refer to the same Chinese dress. It is a matter of regional dialect.
Q: What is the history behind the Chinese dress?
A: The Chinese dress, Cheongsam, was originally worn by the Manchus who ruled China during the Qing Dynasty. Later, it became popular among women as a fashionable item with a style that evolved with the times.
Q: When is it appropriate to wear a Chinese dress?
A: Chinese dress is suitable for many occasions, such as weddings, formal events, or cultural celebrations. It is also used as a costume for Chinese dance performances.
Q: What materials are used to make a Chinese dress?
A: Traditional Chinese dress is usually made of silk or satin and is designed to be loose fitting. Nowadays, fabric choices and designs have expanded to incorporate modern styles.
Q: What are the common features of a Chinese dress?
A: The traditional Cheongsam features a high collar, fitted bodice, and a side slit. It is usually sleeveless or with short sleeves.
Q: Do men wear Chinese dresses too?
A: No, Chinese dress is primarily for women. However, there are traditional-style Chinese jackets for men that can be paired with pants.
Closing Thoughts
Thank you for taking the time to learn about what is a Chinese dress called. The Cheongsam or Qipao is a beautiful and elegant dress that is still popular today. We hope that this article helps you appreciate the history and culture behind the dress. Be sure to check out more of our articles for other interesting topics and insights. Thanks for reading and visit again soon!